Ankle Sprain
An ankle sprain occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle are stretched or torn, usually from the foot twisting or rolling inward. It is one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries, affecting an estimated 2 million people annually in the US. While most sprains heal with conservative treatment, severe or repeated sprains can lead to chronic ankle instability.
Find a SpecialistSymptoms
- Pain on the outside of the ankle
- Swelling and bruising
- Difficulty bearing weight
- Popping sensation at the time of injury
- Ankle instability or feeling of "giving way"
- Tenderness when touching the ankle
When to See a Doctor
See an orthopaedic specialist if you cannot bear weight after 24-48 hours, if swelling is severe, if you heard a pop at the time of injury, or if you have had multiple ankle sprains (may indicate chronic instability).
Treatment Options
RICE protocol
Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation immediately after injury. Most effective in the first 48-72 hours to reduce swelling.
Physical therapy
Balance training, ankle strengthening, and proprioception exercises. Critical for preventing re-injury. Typically 4-8 weeks.
Bracing or taping
Ankle brace or athletic taping provides support during activity and prevents re-injury during the healing period.
Surgical ligament repair
For chronic ankle instability (repeated sprains despite rehabilitation). Tightens or reconstructs the damaged ligaments. 85-95% success rate.
Recovery Timeline
Grade 1 (mild): 1-3 weeks. Grade 2 (moderate): 3-6 weeks. Grade 3 (severe/complete tear): 6-12 weeks. Physical therapy should continue for 4-8 weeks after initial healing to prevent re-injury.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does a sprained ankle take to heal?
Mild sprains heal in 1-3 weeks. Moderate sprains take 3-6 weeks. Severe sprains (complete ligament tears) can take 6-12 weeks. Full rehabilitation including balance training should continue for several weeks after pain resolves to prevent re-injury.
Should I see a doctor for a sprained ankle?
See a doctor if you cannot bear weight, if swelling is severe, if you heard a pop, or if symptoms do not improve within a few days. X-rays may be needed to rule out a fracture. Repeated sprains should be evaluated for chronic instability.
What type of doctor treats ankle sprains?
Orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeons, sports medicine physicians, and podiatrists all treat ankle sprains. A specialist is recommended for severe sprains, recurrent sprains, or when conservative treatment fails.
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.