Total Knee Replacement
Total knee replacement (total knee arthroplasty) is a surgical procedure that replaces damaged cartilage and bone in the knee joint with metal and plastic components. It is the most common joint replacement surgery, with over 700,000 performed annually in the US. The procedure relieves pain and restores function in severely diseased knee joints.
Find a SurgeonWho Needs Total Knee Replacement?
Total knee replacement is typically recommended for patients with severe osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis who have not responded to conservative treatments including physical therapy, medications, and injections. Most patients are between 50-80 years old, though younger patients may qualify in severe cases.
What to Expect
Recovery Timeline
Walking with a walker or cane. Begin gentle range-of-motion exercises.
Home recovery with physical therapy exercises. Manage pain with prescribed medications and ice.
Increased mobility. Start outpatient physical therapy 2-3 times per week. Many patients stop using a walker.
Return to most daily activities. May begin driving (if off pain medication). Continued physical therapy.
Full recovery for most patients. Return to low-impact activities like walking, cycling, swimming, and golf.
Maximum improvement in strength and flexibility. Implant expected to last 20-25 years.
Risks & Complications
- Infection (1-2% risk)
- Blood clots in the leg (DVT)
- Implant loosening over time
- Stiffness or limited range of motion
- Nerve or blood vessel damage (rare)
- Continued pain (uncommon)
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does total knee replacement surgery take?
The surgery typically takes 1-2 hours. You will spend 2-4 hours in the recovery room afterward. Most patients are in the hospital for 1-3 days total.
How long does a knee replacement last?
Modern knee implants are designed to last 20-25 years. Over 90% of knee replacements are still functioning well at 15 years. Factors affecting longevity include weight, activity level, and implant type.
Can you kneel after knee replacement?
Many patients can kneel after full recovery, though it may feel different or slightly uncomfortable. About 60-70% of patients report being able to kneel. Kneeling does not damage the implant.
What is the cost of knee replacement surgery?
Total knee replacement costs $30,000-$60,000 before insurance. With insurance, most patients pay $3,000-$8,000 out of pocket. Medicare covers the procedure when medically necessary. See our full cost breakdown page for detailed pricing, insurance coverage, and financing options.
Find a surgeon for Total Knee Replacement
Compare orthopaedic surgeons who perform this procedure.
Search surgeonsEstimated Cost
$30,000 - $60,000 (before insurance). Most insurance plans and Medicare cover the procedure when medically necessary. Out-of-pocket costs vary by plan.
Full cost breakdownRelated Specialty
Knee Specialists →Other Procedures
This information is for educational purposes only. Costs are estimates and vary by location, surgeon, and insurance. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.