ACL Tear
An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most common knee injuries, particularly among athletes. The ACL is a key ligament that stabilizes the knee joint, connecting the thighbone to the shinbone. Tears typically occur during sudden stops, direction changes, or direct impact to the knee.
Find a SpecialistSymptoms
- A loud "pop" at the time of injury
- Immediate swelling within hours
- Severe pain and inability to bear weight
- Knee instability or "giving way"
- Loss of full range of motion
- Tenderness along the joint line
When to See a Doctor
Seek immediate evaluation if you heard a pop during activity followed by swelling and instability. Early diagnosis improves treatment outcomes.
Treatment Options
Physical therapy (conservative)
Strengthening exercises and bracing may be sufficient for less active patients or partial tears. Typically 3-6 months.
ACL reconstruction surgery
Arthroscopic surgery to replace the torn ligament with a graft. Recommended for athletes and active individuals. Recovery takes 6-12 months.
Bracing and activity modification
A functional knee brace combined with avoiding pivoting sports. May be appropriate for older or less active patients.
Recovery Timeline
Conservative treatment: 3-6 months of physical therapy. Surgical reconstruction: 6-9 months before returning to full activity, with physical therapy starting within days of surgery.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can an ACL tear heal without surgery?
Partial ACL tears may heal with physical therapy and bracing. Complete tears generally do not heal on their own. Surgery is recommended for active individuals who want to return to pivoting sports or have persistent instability.
How long does ACL surgery take?
ACL reconstruction surgery typically takes 1-2 hours. It is performed arthroscopically (minimally invasive) and most patients go home the same day.
What type of doctor treats ACL tears?
ACL tears are treated by orthopaedic surgeons, specifically those specializing in sports medicine or knee surgery. They can recommend both surgical and non-surgical treatment options.
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.