Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine that most often occurs during the growth spurt just before puberty. While most cases are mild, some curves worsen as children grow. Severe scoliosis can reduce chest space and limit lung function. The condition affects approximately 2-3% of adolescents, with girls more likely to require treatment than boys.
Find a SpecialistSymptoms
- Uneven shoulders or waistline
- One hip higher than the other
- One shoulder blade more prominent
- Leaning to one side
- Back pain (more common in adults with scoliosis)
- Rib prominence when bending forward
When to See a Doctor
See a pediatric orthopaedist if you notice uneven shoulders or hips, a prominent shoulder blade, or if your child fails a school scoliosis screening. Adults should seek evaluation for new or worsening back pain with visible spinal asymmetry.
Treatment Options
Observation and monitoring
For mild curves (under 25 degrees). Regular X-rays every 4-6 months during growth to monitor progression.
Bracing
For moderate curves (25-45 degrees) in growing children. The brace does not reverse the curve but prevents it from worsening. Worn 16-23 hours per day until skeletal maturity.
Spinal fusion surgery
For severe curves (over 45-50 degrees) or curves that progress despite bracing. Straightens and fuses the curved vertebrae. Major surgery with 6-12 month recovery.
Physical therapy
Scoliosis-specific exercises (Schroth method) can help manage pain and may slow mild curve progression in some patients.
Recovery Timeline
Bracing: worn until skeletal maturity (typically 16-18 years old). Spinal fusion: 4-6 weeks before returning to school, 6-12 months before full activity. Physical therapy is ongoing.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can scoliosis be corrected without surgery?
Mild scoliosis (under 25 degrees) often requires only monitoring. Moderate scoliosis in growing children can be managed with bracing to prevent worsening. Surgery is typically only recommended for curves over 45-50 degrees. Scoliosis-specific physical therapy (Schroth method) may help manage symptoms.
At what age does scoliosis stop progressing?
Scoliosis typically stops progressing when bone growth is complete, usually around age 16-18. However, large curves (over 50 degrees) can continue to progress slowly in adulthood, about 1-2 degrees per year.
What type of doctor treats scoliosis?
Pediatric orthopaedic surgeons are the primary specialists for childhood and adolescent scoliosis. Adult scoliosis is treated by orthopaedic spine surgeons. Both can recommend bracing, physical therapy, or surgery based on curve severity and progression.
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.